Review on the Evaluation and Development of Artificial Intelligence for COVID-19 Containment

  Artificial intelligence has significantly enhanced the research paradigm and spectrum with
a substantiated promise of continuous applicability in the real world domain. Artificial intelligence,
the driving force of the current technological revolution, has been used in many frontiers, including education, security, gaming, finance, robotics, autonomous systems, entertainment, and most
importantly the healthcare sector. With the rise of the COVID-19 pandemic, several prediction and
detection methods using artificial intelligence have been employed to understand, forecast, handle,
and curtail the ensuing threats. In this study, the most recent related publications, methodologies
and medical reports were investigated with the purpose of studying artificial intelligence’s role in
the pandemic. This study presents a comprehensive review of artificial intelligence with specific
attention to machine learning, deep learning, image processing, object detection, image segmentation,
and few-shot learning studies that were utilized in several tasks related to COVID-19. In particular,
genetic analysis, medical image analysis, clinical data analysis, sound analysis, biomedical data classification, socio-demographic data analysis, anomaly detection, health monitoring, personal protective
equipment (PPE) observation, social control, and COVID-19 patients’ mortality risk approaches
were used in this study to forecast the threatening factors of COVID-19. This study demonstrates
that artificial-intelligence-based algorithms integrated into Internet of Things wearable devices were
quite effective and efficient in COVID-19 detection and forecasting insights which were actionable
through wide usage. The results produced by the study prove that artificial intelligence is a promising
arena of research that can be applied for disease prognosis, disease forecasting, drug discovery, and
to the development of the healthcare sector on a global scale. We prove that artificial intelligence
indeed played a significantly important role in helping to fight against COVID-19, and the insightful
knowledge provided here could be extremely beneficial for practitioners and research experts in
the healthcare domain to implement the artificial-intelligence-based systems in curbing the next
pandemic or healthcare disaster.