To pledge or not to pledge that is the question: carbon literacy training and international post-graduate students – an application of Q methodology.

At an individual level the existential threat of climate change can seem overwhelming; feelings of powerlessness (van der Linden, 2015) are pervasive and debilitating, often translating into inaction and procrastination rather than a call to arms and the establishment of pro-environmental behaviour. Climate anxiety and distress are seen to be positively correlated with our perceived inadequacy in responding to this pervading environmental threat (Hickman et-al, 2021). ‘Atmosfear’, (Jankovic and Schultz, 2017, Kundzewicz et-al , 2020, Haltinner and Sarathchandra, 2018) where both the positive and detrimental effects of individual environmental anxiety shape our response to environmentalism, is reflected through the individuals questioning of the value and potential impact that they might personally have upon environmental conditions (Clayton and Karaszia, 2020, Burke et-al., 2018).