Decoder energy-aware intra-coded HEVC bit stream generation

The rising demand for media consumption via mobile devices and the emergence of complex video coding algorithms present an additional challenge for the energy management algorithms in resource-constrained consumer electronic devices. Thus, generating energy-optimized video bit streams will positively contribute towards overcoming this challenge. This paper introduces a novel energy model for intra-frame decoding of HEVC encoded video that predicts the decoding energy of a coding unit. Thereafter, a novel energy-rate-distortion optimized coding mode selection algorithm is proposed to generate energy-efficient bit streams using the proposed energy model within the encoder. The proposed energy model is shown to predict the decoding energy of a coding unit with an average error less than 2%. Moreover, the proposed coding mode selection algorithm achieves an average 10.8% reduction in the energy consumed at the decoder with a -0.25 dB impact to the Bjøntegaard Delta-Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio.